http://www.consilium.europa.eu/eeas/foreign-policy/crisis-response/crisis-in-libya
From the start of the Libyan crisis, the EU has stood by the people of Libya in their quest for freedom. The European Council has expressed several times its strong solidarity with the Libyan people and the victims. As fighting went on in Libya, the EU remained at the forefront of international efforts to restore peace and stability in the country.
During the Libyan crisis, the EEAS Crisis Response Department led several missions on the ground to develop contacts with the NTC and make a preliminary assessment of immediate needs. Despite a complex political and security environment, the EEAS opened two EU officesin Libya: first in Benghazi (22 May 2011) and later in Tripoli (31 August 2011). The opening of these two EU Offices helped to increase the legitimacy of the pro-democracy movement.During the Libyan crisis, the EEAS Crisis Platformprovided effective operational coordination which allowed the EU to use more effectively all instruments at its disposal: political, diplomatic, military, economic, development, humanitarian. From March to October 2011, the Crisis Platform was convened at regular intervals to ensure the coherence of the EU response to the Libyan crisis.
Libya is now embarking on a historic transition process that should be based upon the respect for democratic values and human rights. The EU is ready to support the possibility for the Libyan people to realise their aspirations for a democratic society, to help Libya build a democratic constitutional state and to develop the rule of law. The transition should be a Libyan driven process to which the EU will contribute together with key partners. The objective is for Libya to rapidly embark on an orderly transition to democracy through a broad-based dialogue.
A comprehensive EU response is already underway in order to address the complex challenges of post-conflict Libya: trade and economic relations, security sector reform, technical advice, border management, support to civil society, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration.
On 14 November 2011, the Council of the EU welcomed the Declaration of Liberation of Libya made on October 23, which marks the beginning of a new era for the country and its people. The EU Council also reiterated its call for this transition to be inclusive and to pave the way for the establishment of a state based on the rule of law and democratic principles to which Libyan people aspired during the revolution, such as fundamental freedoms, respect for human rights, gender equality, including participation of women in the political process, and non discrimination.
As Libya moves from conflict towards a peaceful stabilisation, the EU is committed to deepening and strengthening its relationship with the Libyan people. This is reflected in the Communication of the Commission and the High Representative “A Partnership for Democracy and Shared Prosperity” (8 March 2011), which lays the foundation on which that support will be built in coming years, as well as in their Communication “A New Response to a Changing Neighbourhood“ which gives orientations of the new European Neighbourhood Policy (25 May 2011).
In view of the next steps, the EU is prepared to facilitate dialogue towards a democratic transition in Libya and to support process of reform designed to assist the Libyan people in realising their ambitions for a stable, prosperous and democratic Libya. The EU has reiterated its readiness to combine its actions and instruments to provide further assistance to the new Libya across a range of sectors, including on democratisation, rule of law, institution-building, security sector reform, police training and the re-launching of the economy.
In response to the requests from the Libyan authorities and in full respect of the principle of Libyan ownership, the EU is participating in the joint needs assessment under the overall coordination of the UN.
Following a technical meeting in Paris on 2 September 2011 called by the NTC with major donors a number of principles were established for the post crisis needs assessment:
(a)Libyan leadership;
(b) close donor coordination under UN lead (with strong role of EU and World Bank);
(c) burden-sharing (between EU, World Bank and UN);
(d) pragmatic approach.
The EU was in the lead in three sectors of assessment: border control, civil society (including strengthening of women’s rights), and public assurance/messaging (including training of Libyan media).The European Council has underlined that work should be rapidly taken forward to develop a new partnership with the region, in line with the European Council’s declaration of 11 March 2011. This partnership will be founded on deeper economic integration and closer political cooperation, and will follow a differentiated and performance-based approach. As first steps in the implementation of the 11 March package, and on the basis of the joint Commission/High Representative communication, the EU has called for rapid progress to be made inter alia along the following lines:
- the EU and its Member States will step up their humanitarian assistance;
- ongoing aid programmes in the Southern Mediterranean countries will be screened and refocused;
- respond to the challenge of mobility and promote people-to-people contacts;
- develop a differentiated and incentive-based approach with the Southern Mediterranean where democracy and the rule of law are rewarded. Such a partnership should also be founded on deeper economic integration, broader market access and political cooperation.
- Provide the countries with the means to rebuild and modernise their economies..
- the ceiling for EIB operations for Mediterranean countries undertaking political reform should be increased by EUR 1 billion, without reducing operations in the EU’s Eastern neighbours.
In addition to its humanitarian assistance, the European Commission can make up to €30 million available for immediate stabilisation needs, including through the re-activation of programmes in the field of migration that were suspended when conflict began. Building on activities already underway with the NTC and civil society groups (initially launched in the Benghazi area),
this includes: technical assistance to the NTC to build up state institutions; strengthening respect for human rights and democratisation; Strengthening civil society; health; education; migration; security sector. In addition, the European Commission is ready to refocus available €50 million foreseen for the period 2012-2013 on the needs of the new Libyan authorities in areas such as democratisation and civil society, public administration capacity building and social and economic development. This longer-term support programme will be prepared together with the new Libyan authorities.
The EU also stands ready to resume negotiations on a Framework Agreement which can serve as a basis for political, economic, social and cultural dialogue and cooperation with the new Libya, whenever the new authorities decide that is the right moment to do so.
EU High Representative Catherine Ashton selects new Heads of EU Delegations in Libya and Haiti 6/2/2012
Statement by High Representative Catherine Ashton on reports of the ill-treatment of detainees in Libya 31/1/2012
Remarks by EU High Representative Catherine Ashton at the opening of the new EU Delegation in Tripoli
Speech by EU High Representative Catherine Ashton at the Women’s Rights Forum in Tripoli
EU High Representative Catherine Ashton visits Tripoli and opens European Union Delegation
Statement by High Representative Catherine Ashton on the Day of Liberation of Libya – 23/10/2011
Joint Communication: A partnership for democracy and shared prosperity with the Southern Mediterranean
- Communication: A new response to a changing Neighbourhood
- Council conclusions on the EU response to the developments in the Southern neighbourhood – 1/12/2011
- Council conclusions on Libya 14/11/2011
- Council conclusions on Libya 10/10/2011
- Council conclusions on Libya 18/07/2011
- Council conclusions on Libya 20/06/2011
- Council conclusions on Libya 23/05/2011
- Council conclusions on Libya 12/04/2011
- Council conclusions on Libya 21/03/2011
- European Council Declaration on Libya – 11 March 2011:
- 27/09/2011 – HR/VP Ashton: Address to EP on the UN General Assembly, the Middle East Peace Process and the Arab spring
- 06/07/2011 – Speech HR/VP Ashton on North Africa and the Arab world in the European Parliament
UN Security Council Resolutions:
- 2022 (2011) The situation in Libya
- 2017 (2011) The situation in Libya
- 2016 (2011) The situation in Libya
- 2009 (2011) The situation in Libya